Rawls Theory Of Justice - 1905 Words

Rawls Theory of Justice Ming Chi Wang 36979110 University of British Columbia John Rawls in his work, â€Å"A Theory of Justice,† aims to make up a theory that will rivals intuitionalists and utilitarianism, which seeks truth in morality that cause results in maximizing utility for the maximum number of people. Rawls’ theory of justice is a distribution theory that maximizes primary goods for the worst outcome an individual could be in. By primary goods, Rawls informs us that all rational and reasonable individuals will want to have certain fundamental goods that should not be denied anyone. These goods include liberty, autonomy, self-respect, and wealth, as I will later discuss in Rawls’ principle of equal liberty. To provide an argument that will combat utilitarianism, the philosopher uses a revised social contract theory that is to a tune of â€Å"higher abstraction† (Rawls, pg.10) than its predecessors John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Immanuel Kant. In my essay I will discuss Rawls’ original position and veil of ign orance that will lead us to his two principles of justice. I will also discuss American philosopher Robert Nozick objection to Rawls’ principles and defend Rawls’ argument. My essay will end in discussing the effectiveness of Rawls’ social contract theory in combating utilitarianism. In Rawls’ justice as fairness theory, the original position essentially substitutes Hobbes state of nature. According toShow MoreRelatedRawls Theory Of Justice1598 Words   |  7 PagesFundamentally, Rawls aims to present a conception of justice that serves the social contract theory more generally and abstractly than such social contract theories provided by Locke, Rousseau, and Kant. In contrast to Locke, Rousseau, and Kant, Rawls’ conception of justice does not provide a specific layout for the intricacies and structure of each social institution. His abstract concept of justness, however, provides the foundation from which a just institution must derive. Within Rawls’ theory of justiceRead MoreA Theory Of Justice By Rawls1569 Words   |  7 PagesIn Rawls’ book titled A Theory of Justice, Rawls aims to develop a theory of justice that brings new ideas and concepts to the traditional doctrines of philosophy. Rawls’ theory, justice as fairness, wishes to take the ideas of traditional social contract theories to a higher level of abstraction. His theory is thoroughly explained through a pre-societal position called the original position, the notion of the veil of ignorance, and the two principles of justice. Rawls starts out by describingRead MoreRawls Theory of Justice1853 Words   |  8 PagesThe conventional accounts of Justice normally begin by stating a fundamental rule of Aristotle – Justice is to treat equals equally and unequals unequally, and that unequal treatment should be in proportion to the inequality. In everyday life though, justice is seen as an attribute of law, while all laws are not necessarily just. Many great socio- political movements of the world have focused from time to time on unjust laws eg Apartheid laws in South Africa and Caste laws in India. ImpartialityRead MoreA Theory Of Justice By Rawls1317 Words   |  6 PagesIn his book ‘A Theory of Justice’, Rawls was dissatisfied with the traditional philosophical arguments about what makes a social institution just and about what justifies political or social actions and policies. The utilitarian argument holds that societies should pursue the greatest good for the greatest number. This argument has a number of problems, including, especially, that it seems to be consistent with the idea of the tyranny of majorities over minorities. The intuitionist argument holdsRead MoreA Theory Of Justice By John Rawls Essay909 Words   |  4 Pagesindividuals behind a veil of ignorance would assent to the two primary principles of justice found in Rawls’ ‘A theory of justice’. I will also analyse the extract, in particular debating whether various propositions made by Rawls in this extract are true. Initially it is important to situat e the extract of discussion. Section 3 of ‘A theory of justice’ is the opening of Rawls’ argument in ‘A theory of justice’, where he introduces his ‘original position’, stating how rational individuals in a hypotheticalRead MoreA Theory of Justice by John Rawls771 Words   |  3 PagesOriginal Position â€Æ' John Rawls discusses the original position in his book A Theory of Justice. â€Å"The Original Position and Justification† is a chapter where Rawls persuades his readers into taking the original position seriously. The original position is a position where people are equal and are rational in order to make principles that they live by fair. However, there is a problem with rational decisions being biased, where people will choose principles to benefit themselves. Therefore, the veilRead MoreJohn Rawls : A Theory Of Justice Essay1339 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Rawls is a world renowned, American political philosopher of the twentieth century. His views on the state of nature, society, and politics were much more distinct from previous philosophers, and his more modern or progressive life experiences can contribute to the separation between him and others, such as Aristotle, Hobbes, or Rousseau. However, he does have certain ideas and point of views that correlate with the views of those that Immanuel Kant expresses, and more specifically Rawls wasRead MoreA Theory of Justice by John Rawls900 Words   |  4 Pagespassage of A Theory of Justice by John Rawls, he says that â€Å"No one knows his place in society, his class position or social status, nor does anyone know his fortune in the distribution of natural assets and abilities, his intelligence, strength, and the like. I shall even assume that the parties do not know their conceptions of the good or their special psychological propensities† (Cahn, 137 – 138). Throughout the entire passage moral theories, specifically about justice are discussed, Rawls explainsRead MoreA Theory of Justice by John Rawls526 Words   |  2 Pagescontext of international relations and economic development, the demands of global justice remain controversial in terms of the relationships between affluent societies and less well-off ones. Many questions have been raised in regard of what distributive justice en tails, what duty of assistance it requires, how much is owed, and to whom. In A Theory of Justice, John Rawls attempts to identify what principle of justice rational agents would choose if they were placed behind the â€Å"veil of ignorance†:Read MoreJohn Rawls : A Theory Of Justice Essay1726 Words   |  7 Pages1a. In John Rawls: A theory of justice, Rawls state that you must imagine yourself in an original position behind a veil of ignorance. I would say another word for the veil of ignorance can be the curtain of the unknown. I would say the curtain of the unknown because the veil of ignorance is just like a curtain that is put up and behind it no one knows who they are. No one knows their race, their wealth status, their intelligence, their assets, nationality, etc. You know nothing about yourself or

The Racing Twenties Essays - 1155 Words

While automobile racing is a sport that is firmly ingrained in American culture now, it wasnt always the mature sport we see today. The motorsport that tests a drivers precision, reflexes, and car is only around 110 years old. There is a decade in racing history that many NASCAR fans never think about, and that is the Roaring Twenties. The 1920s really laid the groundwork for the fierce competition seen in the 1930s with innovation in car technology, skilled racing teams, and new championship events. Of course, this innovation wasnt without consequences, as auto racing isnt the safest sport. NOT COMPLETE While this period is interesting in the development of auto racing, it wasnt a new sport at the time. The first race†¦show more content†¦Since the owned the fast cars already, the drivers would race them during the day. Thus stock car racing was born. The 1920s saw a heightened interest in auto racing and the introduction of several racing events. Currently, the hig hest achievement for any race-car driver is the Triple Crown, which is a term applied to winning the Indianapolis 500, 24 Hours of Le Mans, and the Monaco Grand Prix. The Indy 500 was already active when 1920 rolled around, and the latter two held their first races in the same decade. Known as the International 500-Mile Sweepstakes in 1920, the Indy 500 had already been running for 9 years. It had become a popular pastime, and had an attendance of 85,000 [FACT CHECK] spectators in 1911. Unfortunatly, the decde started out badly in Speedway, Indiana. Gaston Chevrolet, brother to the founder of the Chevrolet company, died in a crash with another driver. After he had been killed, officials realized he had won the race in points. The New York Times said, Chevrolet, who was 28 years old, was the youngest of three racing brothers, the others being Louis and Arthur, who survive him. He was a mechanic for two years before he demonstrated [. . .] that he was a driver of merit.( Gaston Chevrolet Killed in Race). Another man famous for his affiliation with the Indy 500 is Harry Miller, an influential race car engineer. He built cars that made up 83% of the vehicles used in the race from 1923-1928. HisShow MoreRelatedSanta Anita Park Thoroughbred Racing Fans Essay978 Words   |  4 PagesTo thoroughbred horse racing fans, Santa Anita Park in Arcadia is the place to go this winter. The Park offers live horse racing in the backdrop of the magnificent San Gabriel Mountains. Except for occasional tourists, horse racing fans are not there for the scenery but to bet and win on horse races. Thoroughbred racing fans also called handicappers are using race programs and tip sheets to analyze and bet on horse races. To the handicappers, winning a bet on a horse race is like smoking marijuanaRead MoreCarter Racing907 Words   |  4 PagesCarter Racing* David Eccles School of Business University of Utah ïÆ'“ Jack W. Brittain, Sim Sitkin 1986, revised 2000 John Carter was not sure, but his brother and partner, Fred Carter, was on the phone and needed a decision. Should they run in the race or not? It had been a successful season so far, but the Pocono race was important because of the prize money and TV exposure it promised. This first year was hard because the team was trying to make its name and so had run in a lotRead MoreIllegal Street Racing1598 Words   |  7 PagesIllegal Street Racing It would seem that the import car scene is becoming one of the largest trends in the automotive industry since the introduction of the assembly line. Nearly every manufacturer of vehicles has a sport compact car in the market. Teenagers and other young adults are customizing and â€Å"souping† these cars up for purposes that no car was intended for, illegal street racing. These speed contests on public roads are a danger to anything and everything on the roads, including the driverRead More History Of Bikes Essay805 Words   |  4 Pageswere no handlebar, no pedals, instead the rider sat on a cushion and pushed his feet against the ground. In 1817, Baron Karl von Drais of Germany invented a improved model called a â€Å"draisienne, which added a steering bar connected to the front wheel. Twenty years later, a Scottish blacksmith, Kirkpatrick Macmillan, added foot pedals to the Draisienne. In the 1870’s came a bike called a penny- Farthing. It consisted of a huge front wheel, 1.5 meters tall, and a very small back wheel. The advantage ofRead MoreHistory of Bikes823 Words   |  4 Pagesno handlebar, no pedals, instead the rider sat on a cushion and pushed his feet against the ground. In 1817, Baron Karl von Drais of Germany invented a improved model called a draisienne, which added a steering bar connected to the front wheel. Twenty years later, a Scottish blacksmith, Kirkpatrick Macmillan, added foot pedals to the Draisienne. In the 1870s came a bike called a penny- Farthing. It consisted of a huge front wheel, 1.5 meters tall, and a very small back wheel. The advantageRead More Dale Earnhardt and Stock Car Racing Essay example1418 Words   |  6 PagesDale Earnhardt and Stock Car Racing Over 50 years ago a new sport was introduced. This sport was stock car racing. The organization that sponsors stock car racing is known as National Association of Stock Car Racing, NASCAR. The driver that is identifiable with NASCAR is definitely Dale Earnhardt. Over the years there have been many great stock car racers from Cale Yarborough to Richard Petty and Davy Allison, but no other name was better known than Dale Earnhardt. Whether on the track or in theRead MoreThe Big Debate Over Time Vehicles996 Words   |  4 Pagesfriendly. This is only happened for the vehicles that are everyday vehicles. Most of those vehicles are still not fully efficient due to the inability of affording a new car. Racing in the biggest thing that is in need of finding a way to limit it to release less pollution. The big debate over how these rules should not apply due to racing only lasting for maybe three to four hours. After that then the cars are shut off and are no longer running. It is believed by the drivers and their teams that this shouldRead MoreLottery Management : Racetracks And Racinos1546 Words   |  7 PagesCollin Francoeur 1/14/15 Casino Management Racetracks and Racinos Racetracks and Racinos When you talk of horse racing most people can only name a couple of races, if any at all. The Kentucky Derby, The Belmont Stakes, and The Preakness, the Triple Crown, are usually the only ones that come to the mind of most people. They couldn’t tell you where these races are held or in many cases what state they are held in, obviously the Kentucky Derby is an exception. When you ask people about casinos, theyRead MoreHow Racing Share The Same Fundamentals Of Racing1431 Words   |  6 Pages Regardless of if you enjoy racing or not, you likely know what either Nascar or Formula One is. In the United States of America, Nascar is by far the most popular form of racing. This popularity allows the sport to have its â€Å"4.5 billion [dollar]† television contract that â€Å"began in 2007†(Odland). Meanwhile in the rest of the world, Formula One is the most popular. Evidently, Formula One generates an immense amount of wealth as well. Red Bull, a sponsor in Formula One, is thought to have generatedRead More Dale Earnhardt Essay989 Words   |  4 PagesDale Earnhardt grew up in automotive racing. Ever since he was a kid that is what his family did, and now his family carries on that legacy. Dale Earnhardt grew up in Kannapolis, North Carolina, a textile mill town. His father, Ralph Earnhardt, was known as Iron heart on the short-track racing circuit, and he taught Dale how to drive stock cars and work with engines. His father had converted a barn behind the family home into a garage, and he was well known for his skill with engines. Earnhardts

Louisia May Alccott Free Essays

The story Little Woman by Louisa May Alcott is about the lives of the four March girls, Jo, Meg, Beth, and Amy, living with their mother in New England as their father is away serving as a chaplain in the Civil War. Even though the girls bicker like all siblings, they keep their loving home together as they wait for their father to return from the war. The sisters struggle to support themselves and keep their household running despite the fact that the family recently lost its fortune. We will write a custom essay sample on Louisia May Alccott or any similar topic only for you Order Now In the process, they become close friends with their wealthy neighbor, Theodore Laurence, also known as â€Å"Laurie. Let me give an introduction of the 4 beautiful March girls. Margaret March also known as Meg is the oldest of the March sisters. She is pretty, simple, and interested in the finer things in life. Josephine March also known as Jo is the second oldest of the March sisters. She is a teenager just like Meg. She is tall and skinny, a tomboy who always says and does the wrong thing, very talented, good-hearted, and a good writer. Elizabeth March also known as Beth is the second youngest, she is a sweet music lover, and is a little artistic also. Beth is the only one without ambitions, whose only desire is to live at home with her parents and practice her music. She is almost to good to be real,loves doll collection and her many cats,and always has just the right kind word for any situation. Beth is so shy that she is unable to attend a public school and therefore gets her schooling at home. Amy is the youngest who intends to marry for money so she would be in the high society and have wealthy friends, expensive jewels, and expensive clothes. Amy is also a little selfish but very social,elegant,and spoiled. Those are the characteristics and personalitys of the 4 beautiful March girls. Each of the March girls have an imaginary â€Å"castle† for which she hopes, but each ends with a very different â€Å"future† than she would have imagined for herself. Like when Amy finally got the chance to fulfill her dreams, she turns it away and turning instead to Laurie to marry, her childhood friend. Turns out that Laurie’s grandfather Mr. Laurence is wealthy and left his entire estate to Laurie. In the end all of the girls learned that no amount of wealth can bring more happiness than that of a close and loving family. But as the girls grow older, each faces her own personal demons and moral challenges. Jo, our beloved protagonist, must tame her tomboyish ways and learn to be more ladylike while pursuing her ambition to be a great writer. Meg, the oldest, must put aside her love of wealth and finery in order to follow her heart. Beth, the shy one, must conquer her bashfulness, while Amy, the youngest, has to sacrifice her aristocratic pride. The girls are guided in their personal growth by their mother, â€Å"Marmee,† and by their religious faith. The family’s tight bonds are forever changed when Meg falls in love with John Brooke, Laurie’s tutor. Meg and John marry and begin a home of their own, quickly populated by twins Daisy and Demi. Another marriage seems imminent when Laurie reveals to Jo that he has fallen in love with Jo’ but Jo does not like him back in that same way. Then Laurie goes to Europe accompanied by his grandfather. He pursues his passion for music and tries to forget Jo. Then seperatly Amy travels through Europe with her wealthy Aunt Carroll and cousin Flo and nurturs her artistic talent. Jo goes to New York as the governess for a family friend, Mrs. Kirke, experiencing the big city and trying her hand as a professional writer. Only after Beth died Jo found the mixture of paths and heartfelt sincerity that enables her to write stories that have the publisher begging for more of the same. Jo’s talent for writing develops in spurts, writing first innocent romances for a local paper, a novel that receives mixed reviews and finally â€Å"sensation† stories for a tabloid in NY. While in New York, Jo meets German expatriate Professor Bhaer, whose intellect and strong moral nature spark her interest. Back in the States, Jo returns home to care for her bereaved parents and learns to embrace her domestic side. Across the Atlantic, Laurie and Amy discover that they lack the genius to be great artists, but that they make an excellent romantic pairing. After Beth, who has never been strong, dies young, Amy finally got the chance to fulfill her dreams, she turns it away and turning instead to Laurie to marry since the sorrow of their loss solidifies Amy’s bond to Laurie. her childhood friend. Turns out that Laurie’s grandfather Mr. Laurence is wealthy and left his entire estate to Laurie. But when All the loose ends are tied up as Jo and Professor Bhaer marry and start a boarding school for boys, while Amy and Laurie marry and use the Laurence family wealth to support struggling young artists. The Brooke, Bhaer, and Laurence households flourish, and the novel ends with a birthday party for Marmee, celebrating the extended March family connections and the progress of Jo’s boarding school, Plumfield. In the end all of the girls learned that no amount of wealth can bring more happiness than that of a close and loving family. How to cite Louisia May Alccott, Essay examples

Responses to Rising Sea Levels for Global Warming - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theResponses to Rising Sea Levels for Global Warming. Answer: Equivocal global warming has continued to cause widespread melting of polar ice and snow thereby increasing the global sea levels (Lister Muk-Pavic, 2015). For instance, the coastal region south of Vietnam is expected to rise by 30cm by the year 2050 (Reddy, 2017). Such further increase in sea level is anticipated to have far-reaching consequences on nations along coastal regions. As a result, countries have suggested, formulated and implemented policies to mitigate the effects of rising sea levels as follows. Policy Options First, Smajgl et al. argue that adaptation to sea level rise is necessary. Whereby, a climate change risk assessment is developed. Adaptation strategies can then be used as critical tools to address the sea-level rise problem (2015, p. 7-12). Subsequently, the Australian government together with countries to the South Pacific region have begun climate change risk and vulnerability assessments (Smajgl et al., 2015). The states have emulated options such as abandoning vulnerable areas (migration), setback provisions, and protection. Notably, each of these strategies requires a significant capital outlay. Construction of Dikes and Embankments Also, rising sea levels infiltrate the existing fresh groundwater aquifers and subsequently increase the salinity gradient. As a result, the Vietnamese government has invested in the large-scale construction of dikes and embankments along sluice gates to mitigate salinity intrusion into coastal agricultural areas. Alternatively, the government has introduced salinity-tolerant crops to alleviate the threat of low production (Reddy, 2017). Reduction in Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions GHC gas emissions result in the melting of the polar glacier as well as thermal expansion of sea and oceanic waters and, consequently, sea-level rise. In spite of implementation and enforcement of policies in existence, the global temperature is expected to rise by 30C by the year 2100 (Weissenberger Chouinard, 2015). Therefore, a reduction in harmful emissions that could rescue low-lying islands from being submerged is not possible. However, a significant decrease in Greenhouse gas emissions could substantially delay the potential sinking, and consequently, reducing the burden Island states have to encounter while accommodating mass migration (Reddy, 2017). Migration Environmental volatility characterized by floods, changing coastlines and soil erosion as a result of sea-level rise creates a necessity for people to migrate. For instance, approximately 2600 people relocated from Papua New Guineas Carteret to Bougainville due to inundation that resulted from high sea levels. Simultaneously, frameworks regarding housing, work, services, and citizenship have been developed to accommodate migrations. Notably, continued sea level rise could soon lead to international and cross-border migrations (Weissenberger Chouinard, 2015). Compensation and Relief Aid Despite the fact that vulnerable Island nations contribute negligibly to global warming, they are the worst recipients of the threats of sea level rise. They are burdened with expenses to replace wetlands or to reinforce seawalls. Besides, such nations suffer from overpopulation, unemployment, inadequate resources and low Gross Domestic Product (GDP). For example, Tuvalu entirely depends on foreign aid contributions from the United Kingdom, Australia and Japan (Weissenberger Chouinard, 2015). It is a moral obligation of the high GHG emitting nations, and the international community at large to help vulnerable countries survive. Consequently, there is a possibility of establishing a global climate change commission. The commission will be mandated to compensate such nations from a pool of funds (Lister Muk-Pavic, 2015). References Lister,N., Muk-Pavic,E. (2015). Sustainable artificial island concept for the Republic of Kiribati.Ocean Engineering,98, 78-87. doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2015.01.013 Reddy,P.M. (2017). Sinking Small Island Nations: Calls for a Lifeboat.SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.3030203 Smajgl,A., Toan,T.Q., Nhan,D.K., Ward,J., Trung,N.H., Tri,L.Q., Vu,P.T. (2015). Responding to rising sea levels in the Mekong Delta.Nature Climate Change,5(2), 167-174. doi:10.1038/nclimate2469 Weissenberger,S., Chouinard,O. (2015). The Vulnerability of Coastal Zones Towards Climate Change and Sea Level Rise.SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science, 7-31. doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9888-4_2